It's a full house today. With Brian and Peter out, Tim will be joined by Dana, Ben, Joseph and, no doubt, various technologically-themed stuffed animals. You can squeeze in too, just after the break.
Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/1g7gyZS4_w0/
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Public release date: 11-Apr-2013
Share ] Contact: Monika Landgraf
presse@kit.edu
49-721-608-47414
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
This press release is available in German.
The application of light for information processing opens up a multitude of possibilities. However, to be able to adequately use photons in circuits and sensors, materials need to have particular optical and mechanical properties. Researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have now for the first time used polycrystalline diamond to manufacture optical circuits and have published their results online in Nature Communications (DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2710).
"Diamond has several properties that allow us to manufacture all components of a ready-to-use optomechanical circuit monolithically, so to speak," says KIT research group leader Wolfram Pernice. "The elements thus manufactured that is, the resonators, circuits, and the wafer, are attractive because of their high quality."
Diamond is optically transparent to light waves of a wide range of wavelengths including the visible spectrum between 400 and 750 nm. It is due to this fact that it can be used specifically in optomechanical circuits for applications in sensor technology and fluorescence imaging, or for novel optical biological measuring methods. Whereas the high refractive index of diamond and the absence of absorption allow an efficient photon transport, its high modulus of elasticity makes it a robust material which adapts excellently to rough surfaces and releases heat rapidly.
So far, optical circuits have been manufactured using monocrystalline diamond substrates i.e., highly pure crystals with typically no more than one impurity atom to every one billion diamond atoms. Such circuits are bound to be small and their application to optical systems has required sophisticated fabrication methods.
Now, for the first time, the research group headed by Pernice used polycrystalline diamond for the fabrication of wafer-based optomechanical circuits. Even though its crystal structures are more irregular, polycrystalline diamond is robust and thus can be more easily processed. It is due to these specific properties that polycrystalline diamond can be used on much larger areas than monocrystalline material. Polycrystalline diamond conducts photons almost as efficiently as the monocrystalline substrate and is suitable for industrial use. As a matter of fact, monolithic optomechanical components could not have been manufactured without this new material.
Optomechanics combines integrated optics with mechanical elements e.g., with nanomechanical resonators in the case of the optomechanical circuit developed by Pernice and his group. These oscillatory systems react to a certain frequency. When that frequency occurs, the resonator is excited into vibration. "Nanomechanical resonators are among today's most sensitive sensors and are used in various precision measurements. It is extremely difficult, however, to address such smallest components through conventional measuring methods," explains Patrik Rath, first author of the study. "In our study, we have made use of the fact that today, nanophotonic components can be manufactured in the same sizes as nanoscale mechanical resonators. When the resonator responds, corresponding optical signals are transferred directly to the circuit." This novel development has allowed the combining of once separate fields of research and has enabled the realization of highly efficient optomechanical circuits.
Integrated optics works in a similar manner to integrated electrical circuits. Whereas optical circuits transmit information via photons, conventional electronic circuits transfer data via electrons. Integrated optics aims to combine all components required for optical communication in an integrated optical circuit to avoid a detour via electrical signals. In both cases, the respective circuits are applied to slices less than one mm in thickness i.e., to the so-called wafers.
The polycrystalline diamond was manufactured in cooperation with the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics and the company Diamond Materials in Freiburg, Germany. The prototypes manufactured within the Integrated Quantum Photonics-project at the DFG Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN) in Karlsruhe open up new ways for entirely optically controlled platforms that are increasingly needed in fundamental research and advanced sensor technologies. These technologies include accelerometers that are integrated in various electronic devices such as airbag sensors or smartphone waterlevels.
###
The study is available on the portal of Nature. http://www.nature.com/ncomms/index.html
The DFG Center of Functional Nanostructures (CFN) devotes its attention to the important area of nanotechnology and functional nanostructures. Its objective is to carry out excellent interdisciplinary and international research in order to produce nanostructures with new technical functions and take the first step from fundamental research to application. At the present time, more than 250 scientists and engineers cooperate in more than 80 subprojects networked through the CFN in Karlsruhe, focusing on the areas of nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, molecular nanostructures, nanobiology, and nanoenergy.
http://www.cfn.kit.edu
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is a public corporation according to the legislation of the state of Baden-Wrttemberg. It fulfills the mission of a university and the mission of a national research center of the Helmholtz Association. KIT focuses on a knowledge triangle that links the tasks of research, teaching, and innovation.
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Public release date: 11-Apr-2013 Share ] Contact: Monika Landgraf
presse@kit.edu
49-721-608-47414
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
This press release is available in German.
The application of light for information processing opens up a multitude of possibilities. However, to be able to adequately use photons in circuits and sensors, materials need to have particular optical and mechanical properties. Researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have now for the first time used polycrystalline diamond to manufacture optical circuits and have published their results online in Nature Communications (DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2710).
"Diamond has several properties that allow us to manufacture all components of a ready-to-use optomechanical circuit monolithically, so to speak," says KIT research group leader Wolfram Pernice. "The elements thus manufactured that is, the resonators, circuits, and the wafer, are attractive because of their high quality."
Diamond is optically transparent to light waves of a wide range of wavelengths including the visible spectrum between 400 and 750 nm. It is due to this fact that it can be used specifically in optomechanical circuits for applications in sensor technology and fluorescence imaging, or for novel optical biological measuring methods. Whereas the high refractive index of diamond and the absence of absorption allow an efficient photon transport, its high modulus of elasticity makes it a robust material which adapts excellently to rough surfaces and releases heat rapidly.
So far, optical circuits have been manufactured using monocrystalline diamond substrates i.e., highly pure crystals with typically no more than one impurity atom to every one billion diamond atoms. Such circuits are bound to be small and their application to optical systems has required sophisticated fabrication methods.
Now, for the first time, the research group headed by Pernice used polycrystalline diamond for the fabrication of wafer-based optomechanical circuits. Even though its crystal structures are more irregular, polycrystalline diamond is robust and thus can be more easily processed. It is due to these specific properties that polycrystalline diamond can be used on much larger areas than monocrystalline material. Polycrystalline diamond conducts photons almost as efficiently as the monocrystalline substrate and is suitable for industrial use. As a matter of fact, monolithic optomechanical components could not have been manufactured without this new material.
Optomechanics combines integrated optics with mechanical elements e.g., with nanomechanical resonators in the case of the optomechanical circuit developed by Pernice and his group. These oscillatory systems react to a certain frequency. When that frequency occurs, the resonator is excited into vibration. "Nanomechanical resonators are among today's most sensitive sensors and are used in various precision measurements. It is extremely difficult, however, to address such smallest components through conventional measuring methods," explains Patrik Rath, first author of the study. "In our study, we have made use of the fact that today, nanophotonic components can be manufactured in the same sizes as nanoscale mechanical resonators. When the resonator responds, corresponding optical signals are transferred directly to the circuit." This novel development has allowed the combining of once separate fields of research and has enabled the realization of highly efficient optomechanical circuits.
Integrated optics works in a similar manner to integrated electrical circuits. Whereas optical circuits transmit information via photons, conventional electronic circuits transfer data via electrons. Integrated optics aims to combine all components required for optical communication in an integrated optical circuit to avoid a detour via electrical signals. In both cases, the respective circuits are applied to slices less than one mm in thickness i.e., to the so-called wafers.
The polycrystalline diamond was manufactured in cooperation with the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics and the company Diamond Materials in Freiburg, Germany. The prototypes manufactured within the Integrated Quantum Photonics-project at the DFG Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN) in Karlsruhe open up new ways for entirely optically controlled platforms that are increasingly needed in fundamental research and advanced sensor technologies. These technologies include accelerometers that are integrated in various electronic devices such as airbag sensors or smartphone waterlevels.
###
The study is available on the portal of Nature. http://www.nature.com/ncomms/index.html
The DFG Center of Functional Nanostructures (CFN) devotes its attention to the important area of nanotechnology and functional nanostructures. Its objective is to carry out excellent interdisciplinary and international research in order to produce nanostructures with new technical functions and take the first step from fundamental research to application. At the present time, more than 250 scientists and engineers cooperate in more than 80 subprojects networked through the CFN in Karlsruhe, focusing on the areas of nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, molecular nanostructures, nanobiology, and nanoenergy.
http://www.cfn.kit.edu
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is a public corporation according to the legislation of the state of Baden-Wrttemberg. It fulfills the mission of a university and the mission of a national research center of the Helmholtz Association. KIT focuses on a knowledge triangle that links the tasks of research, teaching, and innovation.
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/haog-daa041113.php
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By Pete Sweeney and Michael Martina
SHANGHAI/BEIJING (Reuters) - Chinese police detained at least 10 people for spreading rumors about the H7N9 bird flu virus, state media said on Wednesday, as the death toll from the new strain rose to nine.
Authorities detained the people in six provinces - Shaanxi, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Fujian - some of whom had posted "fake information" online about new cases of the virus in their areas, the official Xinhua news agency said.
The death toll and number of infections in China from the strain of bird flu first found in humans last month has ticked up daily.
Nine people have died out of 33 confirmed cases of the virus, all in eastern China, according to data from the National Health and Family Planning Commission. State media quoted authorities as saying a vaccine should be ready within months.
Until Wednesday, the source of the virus was not known but Chinese researchers said they had traced it to wild birds and chickens, Xinhua reported.
One man detained in Anhui province was given seven days of administrative detention for fabricating posts on microblogs about infections, Xinhua said.
The Xi'an city public security bureau in Shaanxi province is investigating another man's posts, "to prevent untrue information from causing public panic", Xinhua said.
Scientists around the world have praised China for its handling of the deadly outbreak, but many Chinese people are skeptical of the government's pronouncements about the H7N9 virus, given a history of public health scandals and cover-ups.
The government initially tried to conceal an outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), which emerged in China in 2002 and killed about one in 10 of the 8,000 people it infected worldwide.
Chinese Internet users have questioned why the government waited weeks to announce cases of the bird flu strain, but health officials said it took time to identify the virus, which was previously unknown in humans.
China's Communist Party is very keen to maintain social stability, but it has struggled to clamp down on rumors, which often spread quickly on the Internet.
Authorities have detained people in the past for rumors, including 93 people accused of circulating information about the apocalypse last December.
Still, some commentators have noted that reports of a flu-like condition killing one person near Shanghai had been circulating on Chinese microblogs weeks before the government confirmed it was a case of H7N9.
"From this you can see if the government tried to cover up like in 2003, but more and more of these posts surfaced, there would be no way to conceal it," social media watcher and journalist Wu Heng told Reuters.
"CAN BE CONTROLLED"
The latest H7N9 victim was from Anhui province, Xinhua reported. Among the new cases are several from Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, at least one of whom is dangerously ill, the news agency said.
"The outbreak overall is in a state that can be controlled," the State Council, or cabinet, said in a statement issued online after a meeting overseen by Premier Li Keqiang.
The China Securities Journal reported on Wednesday that a vaccine for H7N9 has been authorized by China Food and Drug Administration and is expected to be introduced to the market in the first half of this year.
The source was "traceable to wild birds from east Asia and chickens from east China", Xinhua reported, citing the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has been investigating two "family clusters" of people suspected of having been infected with the H7N9 virus to see it its being spread between people.
The virus was found not to have infected anyone in the first cluster. The second cluster is still under investigation, the WHO said, though tests have been inconclusive and experts say the poor quality samples may make it impossible to determine.
The virus is severe in most humans, leading to fears that if it becomes easily transmissible, it could cause a deadly pandemic.
However, a WHO spokesman told a news briefing in Geneva there was no firm evidence of human-to-human transmission occurring which could spark a pandemic. Chinese health authorities have said the same thing.
(Reporting by Pete Sweeney and Jane Lee in SHANGHAI, Sally Huang, Michael Martina and Ben Blanchard in BEIJING, and Stephanie Ulmer-Nebehay in GENEVA; Editing by Raju Gopalakrishnan and Robert Birsel)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/china-bird-flu-toll-reaches-nine-013444927.html
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Improving your life through personal development can make you feel more confident and capable. You should start by learning more about self improvement to realize the true potential of this approach. Some of the advice you?ll find below might be just what you need to kick off your self improvement routine.
Perhaps you have set high goals for yourself and keep failing to attain them. If this is the case, it is a good idea to stop and think why. Do some research online for examples of goals and ideas that are similar to yours, then compare your own goals to your findings. This could illuminate a problem with the feasibility of your goals, your technique for achieving such goals, or even simply not allowing the time necessary to complete them.
Avoiding decisions means missing opportunities in the arena of personal development. Even if your knowledge is not what it could be, have the courage to make choices. Your good instincts will develop through your successful decisions. Bad decisions have value though because they are experiences that teach lessons. When you make the incorrect decision, learn from this, and make sure that it never happens again.
TIP! Mistakes cannot be avoided, this includes going off of your diet. Stress hurts your body as much as a large slice of high calorie pie, so take it all in stride.
Are you having a hard time finding that special someone? Think about searching online. Some research shows that forty percent of those finding their dating partners are using the Internet. Like those cheesy eHarmony commercials say, the love of your life could be just a click away. Of course, both websites have their disadvantages, but they are worth a try.
Becoming more healthy is an important part of developing personally. It is vital that you maintain motivation to eat well and exercise regularly. If you feel healthy, then you will always be at the top of your game, which makes it easier to meet your other self improvement goals.
Seek out new challenges. When you face a challenge, you can find more possibilities in life. You may learn something new or develop a new skill. You might even aspire to reach a goal that no one has reached before. Look for your own thing to do, instead of accomplishing things people have already done.
TIP! You do not need to be dealing with unneeded stress. Stress is a cycle; when you over-react to a stressful situation, it only causes further stress.
Being selfless is a big step in self improvement. There are times when you may have to sacrifice something and simply care for someone else. Being able to sacrifice for others and being able to get fulfillment, will help you develop into a more well-rounded person.
On the road to self improvement, treat your body with respect. Get regular exercise and eat a healthy diet. If you feel sick, see your doctor to find out what the problem is so it can be corrected. Listen to what your body has to say. Doing so will enable your body to function efficiently down the road. Ignoring your body?s signals will only hurt you in the long run.
Determine the things that are vital to you, and be sure to focus on these things. Personal development involves focusing on the important things in life while allowing negativity and unimportant matters to drift past.
TIP! An important new trait called sexual capitol is currently being researched. This doesn?t mean you need to use your sexuality as a means of getting the results you desire.
Create a self improvement plan by determining what your personal values are. Focus on those areas first to make the positive changes that are most important to your happiness. Focus on positive aspects to improve. These aspects should mesh with your values. By doing this, changes that you choose to make will be much easier to adhere to.
Check up on how you are doing by staying organized. Take your major goals, and break them down into small, manageable components. You can then achieve each of these minor goals more quickly. Use a daily planner or a dedicated journal to keep track of changes in your personal development.
Let your personal principles guide your personal development. Everyone has beliefs that are central to their sense of self. Use your faith in these principles to drive your faith in yourself. If your goals are grounded by your principles, you?ll be more consistent in pursuing them.
TIP! Keep track of your progress and learn to organize yourself. You may find it easier to achieve your goals if you break them down into smaller components.
You can teach yourself how to deal with tough situations without getting overly emotional. Come up with methods that will help relieve your stress and remain calm when problems pop up. Learning to breathe deeply upon command can give you back your sense of control.
You may achieve encouraging personal development results by trying out just a few of the preceding suggestions. Self improvement takes plenty of work. That work is easier to do when you are assisted by a little bit of good advice.
To be the best you can be means hoping others share in your good fortune. Often the negative thoughts projected on others can boomerang and come back onto you. The idea here is that you should act toward others with a positive attitude. Focus on the positive energy within you and keep the negative feelings from pulling you into an undesirable place.
TIP! Treat yourself right by respecting your body. If your body is telling you that you are hungry, thirsty, etc.
Knowing what Self Improvement can and cannot do for you takes time to figure out. However, by reading great articles such as this one, you can acquire some great advice about Self Improvement. Take your time and read through all of the provided information so you can absorb it and use it all when needed.
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If you hire interns, make 2013 the year you ramp up your summer program. Start viewing your internships from a workforce development perspective, and you will find that they benefit your organization?s recruitment, community involvement and diversity efforts.
Hiring students and recent college grads for a summer stint can generate interest in your field, your company and its technical specialties. It also can help stem a growing youth unemployment problem.
The slow rebound from the Great Recession has been particularly hard on young workers, leaving millions unemployed and underemployed largely because they don?t have the skills to qualify for scarce jobs. At the same time, one in three employers worldwide reports having trouble finding qualified employees. Well-designed internship programs?often run in concert with local nonprofits and workforce development agencies?can help solve both problems.
Siemens USA?s summer program...(register to read more)
To read the rest of this article you must first register with your email address.
Source: http://www.businessmanagementdaily.com/34697/build-a-better-internship-program-this-summer
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Apr. 9, 2013 ? Ant?nio Abreu, a Sustainable Energy Systems PhD Student under the MIT Portugal Program, currently developing research work at LNEG (Laborat?rio Nacional de Energia e Geologia I.P.) has developed a non-invasive battery recharger system for electronic implants that allows a longer life for the internal implantable devices in the human body such as, pacemakers, defibrillators, electric heart, delaying considerable the usual customary surgery intervention for replacement.
According to the world health organization, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of deaths. On a last resource, patients with cardiovascular disease have to be aided through surgery and medical devices to help them perform the basic functions. Nevertheless medical devices, such as pacemaker that sends electrical impulses to the heart muscle to maintain a suitable heart rate and rhythm, need a source of energy and once the battery has run out they required a surgical procedure similar to the initial implantation to replace the device.
With the non-invasive battery recharger for electronic cardiac implants the need for a new surgical intervention is reduced, since it primes from being rechargeable, i.e. the patient will not need to be operated upon to change batteries every five to seven years, since these are rechargeable by irradiant electricity passing through the body. Ant?nio Abreu adds that "The non-invasive battery also allows for a customize energy consumption of the cardiac implants, therefore the consumption of energy can be regulated to adapted to its function and patients' pathology and activity. It guarantees the energetic supply of a communication channel between the exterior for diagnosis and/or implant reprogramming. In this case, there will be no demand of energy from the internal battery."
The principle of the operation is the use of a high efficient Transcutaneous Power System. However, these typical systems use electronic converters witch generate hazard electromagnetic interferences (EMI) that causes damage to the implants as to the patients. The present innovation takes into account the Energy Efficiency in electric transmission systems without ferromagnetic cores, regarding medical application. In practice it eliminates the Gibbs phenomena.
The invention optimizes the energy flow determined by the regime of exploration previewed at the innovative Predictor-Corrector Abacus conception.
The Predictor-Corrector Abacus is a representation in the complex plan of a situation where a specific load is supplied by an electrical energy to the Active Power P, and Reactive Power Q. What characterizes this Abacus is the circumstance of considering the effect of the reactance and the resistance of longitudinal transmission lines that is evident at the figure by the position of the angles of segments lines that proliferate in the first and second quadrants of the Argand's complex plan. The best position of the segments lines defines the maximum of power transference without electromagnetic interferences.
The Prototype, patented by Ant?nio Abreu in the USA and in Europe with the collaboration and support of the PRIME (Incentive Program for the Modernization of the Economy) program and approved by the European Commission, was initially designed for pacemakers application but currently, and according to the medical development, new improved technics were made to be suitable for high power (and high voltages too) devices, such defibrillators, electric heart, insulin pumps or other type of implantable prosthesis.
Moreover, the same principle that allows the supply of lower energy voltages can be applied to improve the high power electrical transmission and distribution systems (electrical grid) to reduce costs due the consumer electric consumption, according to the results obtained.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by MIT Portugal Program.
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Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
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Changes to their surroundings can trigger "rapid evolution" in species as they adopt traits to help them survive in the new conditions, a study shows.
Studying soil mites in a laboratory, researchers found that the invertebrates' age of maturity almost doubled in just 20-or-so generations.
It had been assumed that evolutionary change only occurred over a much longer timescale.
The findings have been published in the journal Ecology Letters.
"What this study shows for the first time is that evolution and ecology go hand-in-hand," explained co-author Tim Benton, professor of population ecology at the University of Leeds, UK.
"The implicit assumption has always been, from Darwin onwards, that evolution works on long timescale and ecology works on short timescales.
"The thinking was that if you squash a population or you change the environment then nothing will happen from an evolutionary point-of-view for generations and generations, for centuries."
Running wild
Prof Benton said that the soil mites experiment was set up to help shed light on whether the change in the size of harvested fish species, such as North Atlantic cod, was a result of an evolutionary change.
"The advantage of what we have done is that we have got free-running populations of organisms that do their own thing," he told BBC News.
"You cannot do those sort of experiment with large organisms that live in the wild."
The team sourced soil mites from four UK locations and housed them in 18 tests tubes in a laboratory.
"Some of the populations were harvested, as per a fisheries management approach; juveniles were harvested from some tubes, adults from others, and other tubes we just left alone," Prof Benton explained.
"Then we just looked to see what happened to their genetics, their life history and their population dynamics.
"We were all rather surprised to see how quickly they evolved in ways that you would not necessarily would have thought possible.
"The key result is that over the 20-or-so generations, their age of maturity almost doubled - that is an evolutionary effect."
"That means that if the population is squashed for any reason then the population take longer to grow back and so you have all sorts of longer term consequences, it is not just a matter of what is happening to their life histories."
Prof Benton said that the findings also showed that people involved in population management schemes, such as conserving endangered species etc, would have to take into account evolutionary factors, as well as ecological ones, as the result of environmental change.
He said: "For example, if you think about the challenges of climate change and nature reserves, where do you put the reserves?
"The way that animals move across the landscape, their dispersal behaviour is likely to evolve as a result of climate change.
"Do you put the nature reserves just 10 miles apart because that is how far the animals travel now, but in 50 years time, they might disperse five miles."
Prof Benton added that evolutionary change added an additional pressure to population management schemes, namely that it was much more difficult to reverse than ecological change.
"Once you have lost the genes and the species has evolve into something different then it is very difficult to go back to what they were before."
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22039872#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa
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An experimental 3D-textured solar cell is set to be bolted to the outside of the International Space Station (ISS), where it will experience 16 "sunrises" each day as part of a harsh performance test.
A proposal submitted by W. Jud Ready, a professor of materials science at Georgia Tech, to study the performance of his "3D" textured solar cell in space was recently accepted by the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS), the organization that manages research onboard the ISS. His solar cell, made from carbon nanotubes coated in an experimental light-absorbing material, will hitch a ride to the ISS sometime next year.
"It will be placed out on what they euphemistically call the back porch of the Japanese Experiment Module...It plugs into, literally, a USB port," Ready said.
[Scientists 'Evolve' a Super-Efficient Solar Cell]
The ISS has served as an orbiting laboratory for scientists, academics and even schoolchildren for years, but typically, the experiments are performed inside the space station. The installation of the solar panels will be one of the first experiments to take place outside the space station, on the Nanoracks External Platform.
As the ISS orbits the Earth every one and a half hours, the panels will be hit by sunlight from all directions, giving Ready and the team a way to test multiple configurations very quickly.
"If you were to go through all the possible configurations on Earth, it would be very challenging," Ready said.
The team will be testing the cells, coated with a copper-zinc-tin-sulfur mixture, for the optimum size and spacing of the tiny 3D bumps.
Ready?s 3D thin-film solar cells have been tested on Earth and were found to outperform flat/untextured thin-film cells of the same composition. Because of the 3D structure (which looks like millions of tiny skyscrapers when viewed under a microscope), when light hits the cell, it bounces deeper into the structure and is trapped, rather than reflecting away.
In a flat cell ? especially early and late in the day, when the sun is at an angle ? "the performance really suffers," Ready said.
On the other hand, the performance of the 3D solar cell actually improves at sunset, as light strikes it at a sharper angle.
Ready said he estimates the panels will last just a few months in space, because they will experience wild and rapid temperature fluctuations ? 250 degrees Fahrenheit (121 degrees Celsius) on the sun side to minus 250 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 157 degrees Celsius) on the dark side 45 minutes later ? and are at risk of micrometeorite impacts and atomic oxygen attack.
Nonetheless, Ready hopes the solar cells will stay in space longer. "In my proposal," he said, "I said to leave them up there until they all failed."
This story was provided by TechNewsDaily, a sister site to SPACE.com.
Copyright 2013 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Source: http://news.yahoo.com/3d-textured-solar-cells-tested-space-124041612.html
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Rugged phone cases are bountiful. But, while they may offer some additional thermal protection, they're not built for true extremes. For that, you'd need either piles of insulation (too bulky) or some way to control the temperature inside the case. ThermoShield, one of over a dozen student-run companies vying for attention at Northeastern University's Husky Startup Challenge, went the latter route by slipping a Peltier element inside a slim plastic shell. The current prototype was built on a 3D printer and clearly created for an iPhone, but plans for the initial model should be simple enough to port to any handset. A standard watch battery powers the small plate and by controlling the voltage across it you generate either small amounts of heat or produce a slight cooling effect. A simple switch or slider would be used to manually control the flow of electrons. Trekking through the arctic tundra? Simply crank up the heat to keep your phone from freezing to death. Meandering through the Sahara? Take advantage of the Peltier's thermoelectric cooling properties to keep the Gorilla Glass from melting.
According to one of the creators, Hannah Bialic, it wouldn't be terribly difficult to add automatic temperature control. Though, development costs could significantly drive up the price of the ThermoShield. The hardware could all be baked directly into the case itself or an app could be created that would automate everything. Obviously, though, relying on software would limit the case to working with a single device (and let's be realistic, it won't be your beloved Nexus 4). There's no telling when or if you'll actually be able to pick up one of these variable temperature shells, but you can add your name to the mailing list at the more coverage link.
Filed under: Peripherals, Mobile
Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/Kmxo-F1UHMM/
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By Kim Dixon
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - President Barack Obama on Wednesday will issue a greatest hits list of ideas to raise $580 billion in new tax revenues over a decade, including a minimum tax on the wealthy and putting an end to some corporate tax breaks, administration officials said.
The president's 2014 budget proposal, expected to be released in full later on Wednesday, has no chance of moving forward in the divided U.S. Congress. But as lawmakers consider a revamp of the tax code and face a deadline on the government's debt limit this summer, some Obama measures could play a role.
The bid will revive Obama's offer last year to Republican House of Representatives Speaker John Boehner during the negotiations to avoid the so-called fiscal cliff of looming tax hikes and spending cuts.
Senior administration official previewed the budget on condition of anonymity to reporters ahead of the release.
Obama will officially propose a new "Buffett tax" named for investor Warren Buffett that phases in a minimum 30 percent tax rate on household income above $1 million, the advisors said.
He had earlier backed the idea but not included it in his budget proposals.
The White House also will bring back a long-running proposal to cap itemized deductions and exemptions among wealthier taxpayers - starting at household income of roughly $250,000.
The cap would apply to the same list of deductions in years past, officials said. That includes the charitable tax break and the exemption for municipal bond interest.
Obama is not seeking to raise individual tax rates as he has in prior budgets, according to a White House document. For years, he sought to raise rates on household income above $250,000.
The fiscal cliff deal raised rates for households earning more than $450,000 a year, from 35 percent to 39.6 percent.
Also in the budget is ending the tax break for "carried interest" profits earned by fund managers like those who run private equity and other investment firms, officials said.
Administration officials also said to expect the White House to pitch familiar ideas to limit energy tax breaks, curb tax shifting to low-tax countries like the Cayman Islands, and a bid to end a tax break for corporate jets.
Obama proposes cutting the top U.S. corporate tax rate to 28 percent from 35 percent, now the highest in the industrialized world.
Obama has said that he backs a full-scale revamp of the entire tax code, both individual and corporate, and a White House summary called the budget proposals a "down payment."
Top tax-writers in Congress also back a tax rewrite, but the process is fraught with disagreement over how to streamline the code and whether to raise new revenue in the process.
(Editing by Kevin Drawbaugh and Eric Walsh)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obama-pitch-buffett-tax-killing-corporate-tax-breaks-100313227--sector.html
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By Guy Faulconbridge and Kate Holton
LONDON (Reuters) - Admirers of Margaret Thatcher on Tuesday mourned the "Iron Lady" who as Britain's longest serving prime minister in over a century pitched free-market capitalism as the only medicine for her country's crippled economy and the crumbling Soviet bloc.
World leaders past and present, from Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to U.S. President Barack Obama, led tributes the grocer's daughter who sought to arrest Britain's decline and helped Ronald Reagan broker an end to the Cold War.
"The world has lost one of the great champions of freedom and liberty, and America has lost a true friend," said Obama.
While world leaders praised the most powerful British prime minister since her hero Winston Churchill, the scars of bitter struggles during her rule left Britain divided over her legacy.
Opponents celebrated in south London and the Scottish city of Glasgow, cheering her death and toasting to the death of "the witch" with champagne and cider.
"We've waited a long time for her death," said Carl Chamberlain, 45, unemployed, sporting a grey ponytail and sipping on a can of cider in Brixton, London, the scene of riots in 1981.
Loathed and loved, Thatcher crushed trade unions, privatised swathes of British industry, clashed with European allies and fought a war to recover the Falkland Islands from Argentina.
Tuesday's newspapers told the story: "The Woman Who Saved Britain", declared the Daily Mail while the Daily Mirror, lead on "The Woman Who Divided A Nation" in an article which questioned the grand, ceremonial funeral planned for next week.
Thatcher's body was removed overnight in a transit van with police escort from the Ritz Hotel where she had died on Monday morning following a stroke.
Thatcher's final journey on April 17 will take her from a chapel inside the Palace of Westminster - where she deployed fearsome and forensic debating skills - to a St Paul's Cathedral where she will arrive on a gun carriage drawn horses from Queen Elizabeth's artillery.
Accorded full military honours, Thatcher's funeral is likely to be the grandest funeral for a British politician since Churchill's state funeral in 1965. Thatcher did not want a state funeral. She will be cremated.
Parliament will return from recess for a special session in her honour on Wednesday.
"IRON LADY"
The unyielding, outspoken Thatcher led her Conservative party to three election victories, governing from 1979 to 1990, the longest continuous term in office for a British premier in over 150 years.
She struck up a close relationship with Reagan taking a hostile view of the Soviet Union, backed the first President George Bush during the 1991 Gulf War, and was the first major Western leader to discover that Gorbachev was a man she could "do business with".
"Very few leaders get to change not only the political landscape of their country but of the world. Margaret was such a leader. Her global impact was vast," said Tony Blair, whose term as Labour prime minister from 1997-2007 he acknowledged owed a debt to the former leader of his Conservative opponents.
Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron cut short a visit abroad and flags flew at half mast. "The real thing about Margaret Thatcher is that she didn't just lead our country, she saved our country," Cameron said.
Mourners laid roses, tulips and lilies on the doorstep of her house in Belgravia, one of London's most exclusive areas. One note said: "The greatest British leader" while another said to "The Iron Lady", a soubriquet bestowed by a Soviet army newspaper in the 1970s and which Thatcher loved.
But, in a mark of lingering anger at a woman who explained her belief in private endeavour by declaring "there is no such thing as society", someone also left a bottle of milk; to many Britons, for scrapping free milk for schoolchildren as education minister in 1971, she remained "Maggie Thatcher, Milk Snatcher".
Having retreated into seclusion after being deposed by her party, the death of her businessman husband Denis in 2003 and creeping dementia had kept her out of the public eye for years. She had been in poor health for months.
COLD WARRIOR
The abiding domestic images of her premiership will remain those of conflict: huge police confrontations with mass ranks of coalminers whose year-long strike failed to save their pits and communities; Thatcher riding a tank in a white headscarf; and flames rising above Trafalgar Square in the riots over the deeply unpopular "poll tax" which contributed to her downfall.
To those who opposed her she was blunt to a degree.
"The lady's not for turning," she told Conservatives in 1980 as some urged a "U-turn" on the economy in the facing of rising job losses and crashing poll numbers. She stuck to her plans to pare state spending but could thank extraordinary victory in the Falklands in 1982 for helping her bounce back to re-election.
Argentinians were less moved to praise her than Falklanders who called her "our Winston Churchill". In South Africa, too, there was a coolness after her death as its new, democratic leaders recalled her prevarication on apartheid.
Among Irish republicans, she was remembered as the leader whose firm line saw 10 men starve themselves to death in British jails - and as one who survived the IRA's deadliest attack on the heart of the establishment when it bombed her hotel in 1984.
In Europe, many in the east had warm words for her refusal to back down against Moscow and the inspiration of her reforms of a centrally planned economy. Among those were Chancellor Angela Merkel, a fellow chemist from East Germany who rose to become her reunited country's first woman leader.
In western Europe, where the late French Socialist president Francois Mitterrand once grappled with a conundrum he described as having "the eyes of Caligula but the mouth of Marilyn Monroe", there was respect for her achievements though never great fondness for her "handbagging" lectures on saving money.
GROCERY SHOP TO WORLD STAGE
Brought up in a flat with no hot water above the family grocery in the eastern English town of Grantham, Margaret Hilda Roberts learned thrift and hard work from her Methodist father Alfred before going to Oxford University to study chemistry.
She met her wealthy husband Denis, a divorcee a decade her senior, at a Conservative dinner party. They married in 1951 but the young Thatcher faced snobbery from the party grandees: she was female and far too lowly.
As Conservatives and Labour traded power and blame for an economic and diplomatic decline in the early 1970s, Thatcher was manoeuvring behind the scenes and surprised the party by winning the leadership from former premier Edward Heath in 1975.
She made her mark - after a makeover that changed her hair and her voice - by focusing on fiscal prudence and common sense - potent messages when made against the backdrop of the 1978-79 "winter of discontent" when strikes brought Britain's economy to a halt and the Labour government seemed in thrall to the unions.
Cutting taxes, liberalising exchange controls and privatising state-controlled behemoths, Thatcher transformed Britain's economy and helped strengthen the City of London as a global financial centre only challenged by New York.
The struggles that followed have left their mark on Britain.
"Margaret Hilda Thatcher is gone but the damage caused by her fatally flawed politics sadly lingers on," the National Union of Mineworkers, which Thatcher virtually destroyed during a failed year-long strike, said on its website. "Good Riddance."
"I found her to be confrontational, dogmatic, abrasive; she attacked people in her own country and didn't listen to people in her own party," recalled Caspar Joseph, 51, a history teacher in Manchester. "She was destructive, nihilistic."
"THATCHERISM"
Her personal credo, founded on competition, private enterprise, thrift and self-reliance, gave birth to a political philosophy still referred to as "Thatcherism".
Millions in Britain pay tribute to her radical policies, such as selling off of public housing to its tenants.
But many recalled past bitterness, including in Northern Ireland where republican leader Gerry Adams said she had caused "great suffering"; she took a hard line during a hunger strike in which 10 prisoners died in 1981, and three years later she survived a deadly Irish bomb attack on her party conference.
Thatcher clearly relished her image and humiliated Geoffrey Howe, one of her most respected ministers, in front of the cabinet, helping to spur his resignation and her own downfall.
But behind the doors of her Downing Street residence she would insist on making tea for her ministers, take care over her impeccable outfits and relax with whisky and water after the 18-hour days which became the norm of her rule.
Thatcher's combative opposition to greater European integration antagonised allies in Europe and her own ministers but which still strikes a chord with those in Britain today who fear being drawn into the troubles of the struggling euro zone.
In a few tense weeks at the end of 1990, Thatcher fell from power as some of her most senior ministers, including Howe, turned on her in what she said later was treachery. Thatcher never really recovered from her ousting.
"We are leaving Downing Street for the last time after 11 and a half wonderful years and we are very happy that we leave the United Kingdom in a very, very much better state than when we came here," Thatcher said. For many, the tears she shed that day gave a shocking glimpse of human frailty behind the handbag.
Descending into dementia after years at the top table of world politics, Thatcher became almost a recluse, living out her life behind the white-stucco walls of her Georgian townhouse.
(Editing by Alastair Macdonald)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/thatcher-mourned-critics-speak-060415272--business.html
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Miguel joins the Roc Nation rapper in playing out a gruesome tale of love gone wrong in just-released clip.
By Nadeska Alexis
J. Cole in "Power Trip"
Photo: Roc Nation
Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1705219/j-cole-power-trip-music-video.jhtml
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Matt Mitrione is coming off a huge win. On Saturday, he won with a 19-second knockout of Philip de Fries. It was a hugely needed win after Mitrione suffered two losses in his last two fights. Now Mitrione is using the spotlight to talk about trans fighter Fallon Fox.
While on the MMA Hour, Mitrione repeatedly called the postoperative transgender female a "he." Mitrione also called Fox, who is scheduled to fight again in May, a sociopath and a freak.
"Because she's not a he. He's a he," he said. "He's chromosomally a man. He had a gender change, not a sex change. He's still a man. He was a man for 31 years. Thirty-one years. That's a couple years younger than I am. He's a man. Six years of taking performance de-hancing drugs, you think is going to change all that? That's ridiculous.
"That is a lying, sick, sociopathic, disgusting freak," he continued. "And I mean that. Because you lied on your license to beat up women. That's disgusting. You should be embarrassed yourself. And the fact that Florida licensed him because California licensed him or whoever the hell did it, it's an embarrassment to us as fighters, as a sport, and we all should protest that. The woman that's fighting him, props to you. I hope you beat his ass, and I hope he gets blackballed and never fights again, because that's disgusting and I'm appalled by that."
Mitrione earned a Bachelor's degree from Purdue in Law and Society, with minors in supervision and communications, and he doesn't have a medical degree. It's unlikely that he examined Fox, yet he speaks as if he is aware of the particulars of her anatomy.
If Mitrione doesn't think Fox should be allowed to fight, that's his opinion. State commissions don't agree with him, but he's not being forced to watch her fight. He is also not being forced to fight her, and the women who are walking into a fight with Fox know her history. They don't need to be saved by Mitrione.
For him to go off on such a hate-filled, uninformed tirade is just plain sad, particularly for someone who has been involved with anti-bullying initiatives in the past. Hopefully, Mitrione will keep bullied trans people in mind the next time he calls anyone a "freak."
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Apr. 8, 2013 ? The search for ways to use megatons of carbon dioxide that may be removed from industrial smokestacks during efforts to curb global warming has led to a process for converting that major greenhouse gas back into the fuel that released it in the first place. Research on the project was a topic in New Orleans on April 8 at the 245th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS).
"It may seem like trying to put the genie back into the bottle," Wojciech Lipi?ski, Dr. Sc.Techn.,said. "But it already has been proven with laboratory scale equipment. The process uses three of the world's most abundant and inexpensive resources. Sunlight is the energy source and carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials."
Lipi?ski also discussed another project that uses inexpensive calcium oxide, made from ordinary limestone, to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) before it leaves the smokestacks of coal-fired electric power stations. The CO2 reacts with calcium oxide, forming calcium carbonate, the same material in blackboard chalk, some calcium dietary supplements and some antacids. The calcium carbonate then goes into a reactor that removes the CO2 and regenerates the calcium oxide for another encounter with CO2.
Both processes use highly concentrated sunlight as the energy source. The test facility built at the University of Minnesota by Lipi?ski and his colleague Jane Davidson, Ph.D., is a high-flux solar simulator consisting of seven 6,500-watt light bulbs and mirrors that focus the light into a spot about 2 inches in diameter. Temperatures in that spot can reach 3,600 degrees Fahrenheit, way beyond the melting point of steel.
In smokestack process, that heat would remove the carbon dioxide from calcium carbonate and regenerate the calcium oxide. In the genie-out-of-the-bottle CO2 process, that heat fosters breakdown of carbon dioxide and water to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the two components of "synthesis gas" or "syngas."
The name comes from its time-tested use -- for more than a century -- in making or synthesizing other products. Syngas can be converted into synthetic hydrocarbons, for instance, gasoline, diesel and jet fuel or aviation kerosene. Jet fuel is already industrially produced in significant quantities from syngas obtained from coal and natural gas. Lipi?ski and his colleagues are developing prototype reactors to demonstrate syngas production from water and captured carbon dioxide in the solar simulator. A full-scale commercial facility would use a field of mirrors to focus sunlight onto a central reactor, similar to the emerging concentrated solar power, or CSP, facilities that now use heat from sunlight to produce electricity.
Lipi?ski noted that the sunlight-to-synfuels technology could be the basis of "carbon-neutral" energy production, in which CO2 is reused, with the same amount released into the air from burning of fossil fuels removed and put back into synfuels. With their similarity in composition to conventional fuels and long history of use, synfuels made with the solar process also would not require a new infrastructure.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by American Chemical Society, via Newswise.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/BNXzlEN75YM/130408152855.htm
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Source: http://forums.ferra.ru/index.php?showtopic=55362
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The sun is shining and the bees are buzzing, which can only mean one thing: spring is here, and with that comes spring cleaning. In between emptying closets and decluttering your basement, give yourself some time to clean up your computer and smartphone, too. Here are some simple tips for speeding up and optimizing your Mac, Windows PC, iPhone, and Android phone.
The weather's turning warmer in our neck of the woods, which means it's time to start thinking about spring cleaning. While you're emptying your closets, decluttering, and getting rid of the bloat in your life, why not do the same for your Mac? More ?
Flowers are blooming and birds are chirping, which means it's time to start your yearly spring cleaning extravaganza. While you're emptying your closets, decluttering, and getting rid of the bloat in your life, why not do the same for your computer? More ?
With the sun shining and bees buzzing in celebration of spring you've likely started decluttering your closets and basements. If you need a break from all that indoor work, it might be time to step away and do the same for your iPhone. More ?
We're all decluttering our closets and basements in celebration of spring, but it's time for a break. Kick back on the couch, pull up your Android phone, and act like you're still being productive by giving it some spring cleaning of its own. More ?
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Importance of Internet Marketing
With the progression of online technology, internet marketing is the new craze amongst both small businesses and large corporations today. Online marketing has helped thousands of companies promote their sales, products, and services. This type of marketing has proven to be extremely successful helping businesses generate new clients and increase revenue.
However, internet marketing can be just as damaging if not performed correctly. With the internet, thousands of online users can view your company at the click of a button. If your website is not visually impressive and innovative like websites are today, your law firm may be viewed negatively as archaic and outdated.
Professional Help
While most law firms would like to handle their internet marketing needs on their own to save money, not hiring an internet specialist can be extremely detrimental. Most attorneys do not have the time to research all the intricate marketing technologies required in establishing a successful marketing campaign. Numerous attorneys will spend a tremendous amount of time and effort in creating an online presence, but fail to produce the necessary results to generate new leads.
Online marketing has become very complex with new strategies based on formulas designed by Google and other popular search engines. You should consider hiring an internet marketing specialist to succeed your needs in:
Internet Marketing Services
There are also other marketing strategies including pay-per-click advertising and web design that can help drive traffic to your law firm?s website. However, many of these internet marketing strategies can be extremely challenging to accomplish by one?s self.
Fortunately, the internet specialists at Webshark360 can create a marketing campaign specifically tailored for your law firm. Do not try to handle your law firm?s internet marketing by yourself. You may achieve the wrong results and actually harm your firm?s reputation and image. Instead, trust the marketing specialists at WebShark360. We are highly qualified and have helped prominent law firms gain the needed attention to generate new leads and clients.
Source: http://webshark360.com/why-you-shouldnt-handle-internet-marketing-by-yourself/
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Apr. 8, 2013 ? Scientists from Cardiff University and the University of Barcelona have discovered new clues about past rapid climate change.
The research, published this month in the journal Nature Geoscience, concludes that oceanographic reorganisations and biological processes are linked to the supply of airborne dust in the Southern Ocean and this connection played a key role in past rapid fluctuations of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, an important component in the climate system.
The scientists studied a marine sediment core from the Southern Ocean and reconstructed chemical signatures at different water depths using stable isotope ratios in the shells of foraminifera, single-celled marine organisms. They found that the chemical difference between intermediate level and deep waters over the last 300,000 years closely resembled the changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and the input of windblown dust.
Dr Martin Ziegler, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, explained: "The deep ocean is by far the largest pool of available carbon on short timescales. In the Southern Ocean, water from the deep rises to the sea surface and comes in contact with the atmosphere. These waters will release their carbon to the atmosphere unless marine phytoplankton captures this carbon through photosynthesis and transports it back into the deep when it dies and sinks. The efficiency of this biological activity in the Southern Ocean is thought to depend on the input of nutrients, namely iron, contained in wind blown dust. It is also this efficiency that determines the strength of chemical stratification in the Southern Ocean."
Professor Ian Hall, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, added: "Our study finds large changes in chemical stratification of the Southern Ocean not only across the shifts from ice ages to warm interglacial conditions, but also on more rapid, millennial timescales. However, changes in dust flux on these short timescales are much smaller. This could suggest that the biological response to a change in dust input is much more sensitive when the dust flux is relatively low such as it is today. This iron fertilization process might be therefore more important than previously thought."
These findings provide an important benchmark for climate modeling studies and more research will be needed to determine the significance and impact of future changes in dust input into the Southern Ocean.
The research was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council and is part of the international Gateways training network, funded by the 7th Framework Programme of the European Union.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/ce-5IZpPaJA/130408133752.htm
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